On the Two Kinds of Probability in Algebra
نویسنده
چکیده
In [6–8] Murskii studied probability in algebra. He showed, for example, that the probability that a random groupoid is simple is 1 and that the probability that it has no idempotent element (one that satisfies a = a) is 1/e. To make these statements precise, define a groupoid table on the set {0, 1, . . . , n− 1} to be an n by n matrix with entries from {0, 1, . . . , n− 1}. Of course, each groupoid table T defines a groupoid by the rule i · j = ti,j , where ti,j is the i, j entry of T. Let Tn be the set of groupoid tables on the set {0, 1, . . . , n − 1}. Notice that |Tn| = n 2 . If P is a groupoid property, we define the probability of P by
منابع مشابه
Adjunctions between Hom and Tensor as endofunctors of (bi-) module category of comodule algebras over a quasi-Hopf algebra.
For a Hopf algebra H over a commutative ring k and a left H-module V, the tensor endofunctors V k - and - kV are left adjoint to some kinds of Hom-endofunctors of _HM. The units and counits of these adjunctions are formally trivial as in the classical case.The category of (bi-) modules over a quasi-Hopf algebra is monoidal and some generalized versions of Hom-tensor relations have been st...
متن کاملProbability of having $n^{th}$-roots and n-centrality of two classes of groups
In this paper, we consider the finitely 2-generated groups $K(s,l)$ and $G_m$ as follows:$$K(s,l)=langle a,b|ab^s=b^la, ba^s=a^lbrangle,\G_m=langle a,b|a^m=b^m=1, {[a,b]}^a=[a,b], {[a,b]}^b=[a,b]rangle$$ and find the explicit formulas for the probability of having nth-roots for them. Also, we investigate integers n for which, these groups are n-central.
متن کاملNew Results on Ideals in $MV$-algebras
In the present paper, by considering the notion of ideals in $MV$-algebras, we study some kinds of ideals in $MV$-algebras and obtain some results on them. For example, we present definition of ultra ideal in $MV$-algebras, and we get some results on it. In fact, by definition of ultra ideals, we present new conditions to have prime ideals, positive implicative ideals and maximal ideals in $MV$...
متن کاملSome notes on the existence of an inequality in Banach algebra
We shall prove an existence inequality for two maps on Banach algebra, withan example and in sequel we have some results on R and Rn spaces. This waycan be applied for generalization of some subjects of mathematics in teachingwhich how we can extend a math problem to higher level.
متن کاملOn Hyper Pseudo BCK-algebras
In this paper, we introduce the notion of hyper pseudo B C K - algebras, which is a generalization of pseudo BCK -algebras and hyper BCK -algebras and we investigates some related properties. In follow, we de ne some kinds of hyper pseudo BCK -ideals of a hyper pseudo BCK - algebra and we find the relations among them. Finally, we characterize the hyper pseudo BCK -ideals of type 4 generated by...
متن کامل